Although the final exam may include any concept we covered this quarter, I intend to focus on the following:
I. Sentence-level issues:
A. Commas
- Separating items in a series
- With coordinating conjunctions to form compound sentences
- After introductory elements
- With non-restrictive (non-essential) elements
- Comma splices
- Fused sentences (run-ons)
B. Fragments
C. Apostrophes
D. Punctuation with quotation marks
E. Manuscript format
F. Title format
G. Dashes vs. hyphens
H. Subjects, verbs, and modifiers
I. Active/Passive voice
J. Metaphor and imagery
K. Usage: its/it's, every day/everyday, affect/effect
L. Subject-verb agreement
M. Vague pronoun reference
N. Pronoun-antecedent agreement
II. Paragraph and essay-level issues
A. Specific and concrete languageB. Paragraph focus
- Avoiding generalizations and clichés
C. Essay focus and argument
- Topic sentences
- Supporting examples and development
- Sensory details, analogies, facts, statistics, testimony, metaphors
- Thesis/claim
- Evidence/support
- Counterarguments
- Types of appeals: logical, ethical, emotional
D. Research, documentation, and integrating source material
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